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Etude de l'impact de l'exposition à des mélanges de pesticides à faibles doses : caractérisation des effets sur des lignées cellulaires humaines et sur le système hématopoïetique murin
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Maysaloun Merhi
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Industrialization and competitive globalization after 1873
2018 •
Lucian Ashworth
Rôle des gènes HOX du paralogue 4 dans l'autorenouvellement des cellules souches et progéniteurs hématopoïétiques
2015 •
Marilaine Fournier
La transplantation de cellules souches hematopoietiques (CSH) est un traitement couramment utilise pour traiter plusieurs types de maladies hematologiques telles que les leucemies. Par contre, une limite importante de ce type de traitement est la quantite restreinte de CSH disponibles pour la transplantation. Il importe donc de trouver des moyens pour expandre efficacement ces cellules ex vivo tout en preservant leurs proprietes. Le gene HOXB4 est presentement un candidat tres prometteur pour atteindre cet objectif. Il a en effet ete montre que HOXB4 est capable d’expandre les CSH in vivo et in vitro sans mener au developpement de leucemie. Le gene HOXC4, qui appartient au meme paralogue est aussi en mesure d’expandre les cellules hematopoietiques primitives suggerant un role commun pour les genes HOX du paralogue 4 dans l’autorenouvellement des CSH. Le gene HOXA4 est dix fois plus exprime que le gene HOXB4 dans des CSH du foie fœtal au moment de leur principale expansion. De plus, ...
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TIF1 gamma est un régulateur essentiel de l'hématopoïèse et agit en tant que suppresseur de tumeur dans la leucémie myélomonocytaire chronique
2010 •
Romain Aucagne
Étude À L’Échelle Unicellulaire Du Compartiment Des Cellules Souches et Progénitrices Des Syndromes Myélodysplasiques
2020 •
Charles Dussiau
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) malignancies. The accumulation of mutations and and/or cytogenetic abnormalities in bone marrow HSC compartment confers a proliferative advantage to pathological cells. These diseases are characterized by dysplastic and ineffective hematopoiesis and evolve in 40% of cases into acute myeloid leukemia with poor prognosis. In this work, we mapped the MDS CD34+ compartment with flow cytometry, and also with single-cell RNA-Seq that allow to characterize the transcriptome at single cell level.We demonstrated that the characterization of CD34+ stem and progenitor cells of MDS by flow cytometry can differentiate them from healthy age-matched controls. Indeed, some MDS appear to have a diminished proportion of CMPMEP3 populations as compared to controls. In addition, a subgroup of MDS appears to have an increased number of B/NK progenitors relative to the other SMD and controls. We also showed that CMP and LMPP populat...
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Faouzi Jenhani
médecine/sciences
Leucémie myéloïde chronique
2014 •
Ali Turhan
Blood
Hsp70 Is a New Major Regulator of Erythropoiesis by Preventing Caspase-3-Mediated Cleavage of GATA-1
2004 •
Olivier Hermine
Red blood cell production depends on apoptosis rate of erythroid progenitors and precursors. This process is mainly regulated by the glycoprotein Erythropoietin (Epo), which positively regulates through the JAK/STAT5 pathway, in synergy with the transcription factor GATA-1, the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-XL. Thus, Epo starvation results in caspase-3 activation through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, and as a consequence GATA-1 is cleaved and apoptosis occurs. Recently we have shown that caspase-3 activation is also absolutely required for the morphological changes that occur during normal human terminal erythroid differentiation, including chromatin condensation as well as nucleus and cell size reduction. In this context, although activated caspase-3 colocalizes in the nucleus with GATA-1, apoptosis and GATA-1 cleavage do not occur (Zermati et al J exp med, 2001, 193; 247–254). Heat Shock Proteins (Hsp) are chaperons that play a major role as a modulator of apo...
Ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells: concept and clinical benefit
zoran ivanovic
A new discipline was born and grew up over the last 4 decades of 20th century: Experimental Hematology. In addition to yield the concept of Stemness, a paradigm later applied for the other tissues than hematopoietic one, it provided the results allowing a preclinical development and a therapeutic exploitation. The concept of ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic cells for transplantation is directly issued from this knowledge. It enabled us to realize that a critical quantity of different sub-populations of stem and progenitor cells are necessary to obtain a rapid and sustained hematopoietic reconstitution. These principles, transposed to human cells (originating from: bone marrow, peripheral blood, cord blood) required some important technological innovations (conception of the specific media, recombinant technology of cytokine production...), to achieve, after several attempts, the first efficient clinical trials (at the moment for cells mobilized in peripheral blood). This goal remains to be achieved for cord blood cells too. The developments in this field as well as its actual state are the subjects of this review.
médecine/sciences
Les cellules souches hématopoïétiques du sang périphérique chez l'homme
1995 •
zoran ivanovic
